bashclub-zfs-push-pull/backup-zfs
Kevin McCormick 3bb83e8029 ssh mode: stage snapshots on ssh server
Turn backup-zfs into a two-step process:
1. Send snapshots to a server over SSH
2. Receive those snapshots over SSH

Supports a disconnected backup environment where the backup storage host
and the system being backed up don't have to be online at the same time.

Use case: Send snapshots from my home server to my work server while I'm
asleep, then read them over the LAN from my work server to my external
drive while I'm at work.
2017-03-07 15:24:22 -08:00

246 lines
6.5 KiB
Bash
Executable File

#!/bin/bash
# backup-zfs: use zfs send/recv to push/pull snapshots
prog="$(basename "$0")"
usage() {
cat >&2 <<-EOF
usage: $prog [-hvq] [-t tag] [-k keep] [-d dateopts] src dest
use zfs send/recv to push/pull snapshots
src the source fs, specified as [host:]pool/path/to/fs
dest the destination fs parent, specified as [host:]pool/path/to/fs
(the final path component of src will be appended to dest)
-h help
-v verbose mode
-q quiet mode
-t tag tag to use for naming snapshots (default: backup-zfs)
-k keep number of snapshots to keep on src (default: 5)
-d dateopts options for date(1) - used to name the snapshots (default: +%F_%T)
-s store mode - output snaps from local fs to ssh server
-r read mode - read snaps from ssh server to local fs
EOF
exit $1
}
# log to syslog; if verbose or on a tty, also to stdout
# usage: log msg
log() {
logger -t "$prog" -- "$@"
if ! $quiet && [[ -t 1 ]] || $verbose ; then
echo "$@" >&2
fi
}
# exit with a code & message
# usage: die $exitcode msg
die() {
code="$1"
shift
if [[ $code -ne 0 ]] ; then
verbose=true log "FATAL: $@"
else
log "$@"
fi
exit $code
}
# run zfs(1) command either locally or via ssh
# usage: ZFS "$host" command args...
ZFS() {
host="$1"
shift
if [[ -n $host ]] ; then
log "remote ($host): zfs $@"
ssh "$host" sudo zfs "$@"
else
log "local: zfs $@"
sudo zfs "$@"
fi
}
###
### defaults
###
tag="$prog"
dateopts="+%F_%T"
keep=5
verbose=false
quiet=false
tossh=false
fromssh=false
###
### parse options
###
while getopts "hvqk:t:d:sr" opt ; do
case $opt in
h) usage 0 ;;
v)
verbose=true
send_opts="-v"
recv_opts="-v"
;;
q) quiet=true ;;
k) keep=$OPTARG ;;
t) tag=$OPTARG ;;
d) dateopts=$OPTARG ;;
s) tossh=true ;;
r) fromssh=true ;;
*) usage 1 ;;
esac
done
shift $((OPTIND-1))
date="$(date $dateopts)"
$tossh && $fromssh && die 1 "-s and -r are mutually exclusive"
###
### parse src & dest host/fs info
###
# fail if there's ever >1 colon
if [[ $1 =~ :.*: || $2 =~ :.*: ]] ; then
die 1 "invalid fsspec: '$1' or '$2'"
fi
# fail if src or dest isn't specified
if [[ -z $1 || -z $2 ]] ; then
usage 1
fi
src="$1"
dest="$2"
###
### ssh mode - output snaps from local fs to ssh or read snaps from ssh to local fs
if $tossh ; then
log "sending from local zfs filesystem to SSH server"
# make sure src exists
if [[ $src =~ : ]] ; then
die 1 "$src must be a local zfs filesystem"
elif [[ $(ZFS "" list -H -o name "$src" 2>/dev/null) != $src ]] ; then
die 1 "$src must be a local zfs filesystem"
fi
# split dest to components
if [[ $dest =~ : ]] ; then
desthost="${dest%:*}"
destpath="${dest#*:}"
else
die 1 "$dest must be ssh host:path"
fi
# get the last src component
srcbase="${src##*/}"
###
### create new snapshot on src
###
cur="$src@${tag}_$date"
ZFS "$srchost" snapshot -r "$cur" || die $? "zfs snapshot failed"
###
### get newest snapshot on dest - it must exist on src
###
#last="$(ZFS "$desthost" list -d 1 -t snapshot -H -S creation -o name $destfs/$srcbase | head -n1 | cut -f2 -d@)"
last="$(ssh "$desthost" cat "$destpath/.last")"
###
### send
###
# refuse to send without a valid .last maker
if [[ -z $last ]] ; then
die 1 "ssh path contains no .last file"
# special case: tagged snapshots exist on dest, but src has rotated through all
elif ! ZFS "$srchost" list $src@$last &>/dev/null ; then
die 1 "no incremental path from from $src to $dest"
# normal case: send incremental
else
log "sending incremental snapshot from $src to $dest (${last#${tag}_}..${cur#*@${tag}_})"
#ZFS "$srchost" send $send_opts -R -I "$last" "$cur" | ZFS "$desthost" receive $recv_opts -Fue "$destfs" || die $? "zfs incremental send failed"
ZFS "$srchost" send $send_opts -R -I "$last" "$cur" | ssh "$desthost" "cat > \"$destpath/${tag}_$date.zfssnap\"" || die $? "zfs incremental send failed"
fi
exit
elif $fromssh ; then
log "receving from SSH server to local zfs filesystem"
# make sure dest exists
if [[ $dest =~ : ]] ; then
die 1 "$dest must be a local zfs filesystem"
elif [[ $(ZFS "" list -H -o name "$dest" 2>/dev/null) != $dest ]] ; then
die 1 "$dest must be a local zfs filesystem"
fi
# split src into components
if [[ $src =~ : ]] ; then
srchost="${src%:*}"
srcpath="${src#*:}"
else
die 1 "$src must be ssh host:path"
fi
###
### receive
###
log "receiving incremental snapshot from $src to $dest"
#ZFS "$srchost" send $send_opts -R -I "$last" "$cur" | ZFS "$desthost" receive $recv_opts -Fue "$destfs" || die $? "zfs incremental send failed"
for file in $(ssh "$srchost" "find \"$srcpath\" -name \"*.zfssnap\"") ; do
ssh "$srchost" "cat \"$file\"" | ZFS "$desthost" receive $recv_opts -Fue "$dest" && ssh "$srchost" "rm \"$file\""
done
exit
fi
die 1 "neither -s nor -r was specified"
# discard anything before a colon to get the fs
srcfs="${src#*:}"
destfs="${dest#*:}"
# iff there is a colon, discard everything after it to get the host
[[ $src =~ : ]] && srchost="${src%:*}"
[[ $dest =~ : ]] && desthost="${dest%:*}"
# get the last src component
srcbase="${srcfs##*/}"
# ensure the destination fs exists before proceeding
if [[ $(ZFS "$desthost" list -H -o name "$destfs" 2>/dev/null) != $destfs ]] ; then
die 1 "destination fs '$destfs' doesn't exist"
fi
###
### create new snapshot on src
###
cur="$srcfs@${tag}_$date"
ZFS "$srchost" snapshot -r "$cur" || die $? "zfs snapshot failed"
###
### get newest snapshot on dest - it must exist on src
###
last="$(ZFS "$desthost" list -d 1 -t snapshot -H -S creation -o name $destfs/$srcbase | head -n1 | cut -f2 -d@)"
###
### send & receive
###
# 1st time: send full snapshot
if [[ -z $last ]] ; then
log "sending full recursive snapshot from $src to $dest"
ZFS "$srchost" send $send_opts -R "$cur" | ZFS "$desthost" receive $recv_opts -Fue "$destfs" || die $? "zfs full send failed"
# special case: tagged snapshots exist on dest, but src has rotated through all
elif ! ZFS "$srchost" list $srcfs@$last &>/dev/null ; then
die 1 "no incremental path from from $src to $dest"
# normal case: send incremental
else
log "sending incremental snapshot from $src to $dest (${last#${tag}_}..${cur#*@${tag}_})"
ZFS "$srchost" send $send_opts -R -I "$last" "$cur" | ZFS "$desthost" receive $recv_opts -Fue "$destfs" || die $? "zfs incremental send failed"
fi
###
### clean up old snapshots
###
for snap in $(ZFS "$srchost" list -d 1 -t snapshot -H -S creation -o name $srcfs \
| grep -F "@${tag}_" | cut -f2 -d@ | tail -n+$((keep+1)) ) ;
do
ZFS "$srchost" destroy -r $srcfs@$snap
done